种子引发对杂交水稻幼苗耐盐性的生理效应

 用 4种引发剂溶液处理 2个杂交稻品种汕优 10和两优培九种子 ,并测定种子和幼苗脯氨酸、可溶性总糖、果糖和蔗糖含量。结果表明 ,引发处理种子脯氨酸和蔗糖含量提高 ,而可溶性糖和果糖含量降低。引发降低了盐胁迫后汕优 10幼苗脯氨酸含量 ,但提高了两优培九幼苗脯氨酸含量。引发处理还能提高盐胁迫后幼苗的可溶性总糖、果糖和蔗糖含量及水稻幼苗耐盐指数和耐盐比率。杂交水稻幼苗耐盐指数、耐盐比率与种子脯氨酸含量 ,以及盐胁迫后幼苗内部可溶性总糖、果糖和蔗糖含量均呈显著正相关 ,而与种子果糖含量呈显著负相关。盐胁迫后幼苗的可溶性总糖、果糖含量与种子可溶性总糖和果糖含量均呈显著负相关 ,而种子脯氨酸含量与盐胁迫后幼苗果糖含量呈显著正相关。因此 ,种子引发通过降低种子果糖水平 ,增加种子脯氨酸含量和盐胁迫幼苗果糖水平 ,从而增强杂交水稻幼苗的耐盐性。试验还表明 ,杂交水稻组合汕优 10耐盐性强于两优培九 ,但引发的效果以两优培九组合更好。     

工作分析实践中存在问题及应对策略

工作分析是人力资源管理工作的基础和前提,为人力资源管理各模块提供了依据.但在工作分析实践中存在着工作分析主体组成不完善、员工恐惧、动态环境适应障碍等问题,影响了工作分析的实施和效果.为此应积极采取对策,为企业工作分析实践提供参考.     

计算机程序优化分析

在程序的编写过程中,首先考虑的是程序功能的实现,但只有把程序优化,才能得到高质量的源代码,才能使其占用空间最少,用时最省。     

邻苯二甲酰亚胺乙氧基环甘油硫代磷脂缀合物的合成

以碘活化的六乙基亚磷酰三胺为磷酰化及环化试剂 ,经“一锅法”合成了邻苯二甲酰亚胺乙氧基环甘油硫代磷脂缀合物 ,收率达 90 %左右     

不同质地土壤对玉米根系生长动态的影响

 采用池栽方式对轻壤土、中壤土和轻粘土上玉米根系状况进行了研究。结果表明,3种质地土壤对玉米根系的形态、分布、生长具有很大影响。玉米根系弯曲度、平均根径的大小均为轻粘土＞中壤土＞轻壤土,轻壤土中玉米根系上部有更多的支根但下部支根较少;拔节期,玉米根系的垂直和水平分布在轻壤土中范围最广,轻粘土中最小。大喇叭口期之后3种质地土壤玉米根系的分布范围无明显差异。轻壤土、中壤土、轻粘土随着土壤中物理性粘粒的增加,根量在上层土壤中所占的比例加大。轻壤土中玉米根系生长表现为"早发早衰",拔节期前,根系生长速率大于中壤土和轻粘土,吐丝期根量达到最大值,之后开始衰老。轻粘土玉米的根系则呈现出"晚发晚衰",拔节期前根系生长缓慢,灌浆期根量才达到最大值,灌浆至成熟期根系衰老的速率远小于轻壤土和中壤土。中壤土中根系在玉米整个生育期平均生长速率和根量的最大值显著高于轻壤土和轻粘土。     

平欧杂种榛果实经济性状与综合评价

为了对优良品种的选育提供科学依据,以进入盛果期的不同品系平欧杂种榛果实为研究对象,采用方差分析、相关性分析、聚类分析和主成分分析对果实经济性状进行统计分析。结果表明:供试平欧杂种榛的坚果质量2.10~3.90 g,坚果三径均值16.80~22.39 mm,果仁质量0.85~1.50 g,果壳厚度1.38~2.17 mm,果腔系数0.60~0.89,出仁率25.05%~45.32%;供试平欧杂种榛品系坚果性状、果仁性状和出仁性状之间均存在显著差异,变异系数7.60%~35.49%;在品种选育时,坚果、果仁的质量和整齐度选择空间最大,坚果形状指数和三径均值以及果仁三径均值的选择余地最小,各经济性状间存在不同程度的相关性,通过聚类分析,将供试平欧杂种榛划分为3类;影响平欧杂种榛果实经济性状的主要指标为出仁率、果腔系数、果仁质量、果仁形状指数和壳厚。根据经济性状的综合得分值,筛选出84-41、83-33、B-21、B-3和84-310等品系的坚果综合经济性状较优。     

基于回归分析的农用地分等应用研究

选取A县部分分等单元验证农用地自然质量等指数、利用等指数与实际标准粮产量之间的相关关系,通过数学模型研究实际标准粮产量随自然质量等指数、利用等指数的变化情况.     

基于GPS-OEM板和单片机的GPS接收机的设计

以Trimble公司的LassenTMSQGPS-OEM板为例,介绍了用于林区巡检系统中的GPS接收机的设计。讨论了GPS-OEM板的工作原理和通信协议,给出了基于OEM板和单片机的GPS定位接收机的硬件设计方案和软件设计流程。     

Heavy metal contamination of urban topsoils in a typical region of Loess Plateau,China

Purpose

Heavy metals pollution of city soil has become a serious environmental issue. Attention has been given to the issue of soil contamination in big cities, but little research has been done in the Loess Plateau, which is the largest loess deposition area in the world. The aim of this study was to assess the contamination of topsoil.

Materials and methods

Forty soil samples were collected from different districts and sieved through nylon sieves. The coarse particles (2 mm) were used to determine pH and electrical conductivity using a suspension of 1:5 soil to deionized water. The fine particles (150 μm) were used to determine soil organic matter and selected heavy metals. Metals were measured in digested solutions by a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer.

Results and discussion

The mean concentrations of heavy metals in urban soils in the study area are significantly lower than the mean concentrations across China. The integrated pollution index was determined to be 1.13, indicating moderate pollution. Weathering of parent material, the use of pesticide and fertilizer, discharge of waste from traffic, wastes from commodities and industry, and coal combustion are considered to be the main sources of heavy metal pollution in the study area.

Conclusions

The results indicate that, at least in the study area, land use greatly influences the soil quality and heavy metal contents in urban topsoils. Soil backfill may change heavy metal contents to some extent. Deep digging and backfill can be effectively used for the remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil and sediments.     

Bioremediation of atrazine: recent advances and promises

Purpose

Atrazine is one of the most widely used herbicides to control broadleaf and grassy weeds for many crops in the world. Its contamination has become a growing public concern because atrazine is the most commonly detected pesticide in soil and groundwater. Studies have indicated that atrazine may cause damages to the central nervous system, endocrine system, and immune system. The aim of this review was to update our understanding of recent development of atrazine bioremediation for its improved application.

Materials and methods

Bioremediation, an economical and eco-friendly approach, has emerged as the most advantageous technique for cleaning up atrazine contamination in soil and water. A large number of atrazine-degrading bacteria and fungi have been isolated. The genetic pathways for atrazine remediation/detoxification have been well characterized in bacteria, fungi, and plants.

Results and discussion

To enhance bioremediation, transgenic microbes and plants expressing atrazine-degrading enzymes have been developed. Co-application of transgenic microbes and transgenic plants has been proposed to get synergistic effect for bioremediation of atrazine.

Conclusions

In summary, although effective bioremediation methods of atrazine removal have been successfully employed, it should be noted that there has been a series of disappointing failures, along with tremendous successes in the laboratory. Overall, future research should be geared toward narrowing the gaps between bioremediation in laboratory and environmental applications.